Murad V

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Murad V
مراد خامس
Ottoman Caliph
Amir al-Mu'minin
Kayser-i Rûm
Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
Murad v.jpg
33rd Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (Padishah)
Reign30 May 1876 – 31 August 1876
PredecessorAbdulaziz
SuccessorAbdul Hamid II
Born(1840-09-21)21 September 1840
Istanbul, Ottoman Empire
(present day Istanbul, Turkey)
Died29 August 1904(1904-08-29) (aged 63)
Çırağan Palace, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire
Burial30 August 1904
New Mosque, Istanbul
Consorts
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(m. 1857; his d. 1904)​
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(m. 1859; his d. 1904)​
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(m. 1869; his d. 1904)​
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(died 1891)​
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(his d. 1904)​
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(his d. 1904)​
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(his d. 1904)​
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(m. 1877; his d. 1904)​
​
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(m. 1879; his d. 1904)​
Issue
Full name
Turkish: Murad bin Abdulmejid
Ottoman Turkish: مراد بن عبدالمجید‎
DynastyOttoman
FatherAbdulmejid I
MotherŞevkefza Kadın
ReligionSunni Islam
TughraMurad V مراد خامس's signature

Murad V (Ottoman Turkish: مراد خامس‎) (21 September 1840 – 29 August 1904) was the 33rd Sultan of the Ottoman Empire who reigned from 30 May to 31 August 1876.

Early life[edit]

Murad was born in Istanbul on 21 September 1840.[1] His father was Abdulmejid I. His mother, whom his father married in Constantinople on 1 August 1839, was Şevkefza Valide Sultan, an ethnic Circassian[2][3][4] from the Ubykh tribe, daughter of Mehmed Bey Zaurum and his wife Cemile Hanım.[5]

Beginning in late 1840, other princesses and princes of the young sultan were born. Attention was paid to the education and careful training of the great prince Murad. Among the teachers of the prince, his Quran teacher, Toprik Süleyman Efendi, Ferrik Efendi, Sheikh Hafız Efendi taught him Hadith (the traditions of Muhammad), Monsieur Gardet (French), and Italian Lombardi (piano).[6]

Murad also participated in the visits of Abdülaziz to Egypt in 1863 and to Europe in 1867. While he was appreciated by the European rulers with his kindness, his uncle, who was uncomfortable with this, had planned to send him back to Istanbul. Napoleon III and Queen Victoria, showed interest in Murad more than Abdulaziz. Moreover, special invitations and excursions were organized for the crown prince.[7]

He spent most of his time at the farmhouse in Kurbağalıdere, Kadıköy, which Abdülaziz had allocated to him. He frequently spoke with Şinâsi, Nâmık Kemal and Ziyâ (Pasha) gentlemen about legitimacy, democracy and freedom. In Ziyâ Pasha and his special doctor, Kapoleon Efendi, he also communicated with Midhat Pasha, the leader of the opposition group, who was dissatisfied with Abdulaziz's rule. In this case, the Ottoman Empire faced various difficulties.[8]

Reign[edit]

Accession[edit]

He succeeded to the throne after the deposition of uncle on 30 May 1876. He was highly influenced by French culture and was a liberal.[9][10][11][12] He reigned for 93 days before being deposed on the grounds that he was mentally ill.[12] As a result, he was unable to deliver the Constitution that his supporters had sought. The ensuing political instability caused by his ousting moved the empire closer to the disastrous war with Russia, then ruled by Alexander II.

Murad V was the first and only Sultan member of the Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of Turkey.[13][14]

An important primary source about his life comes from the memoirs of one of his consorts, Filizten Hanım, written in the 1930s.[15]

Death[edit]

He died at Çırağan Palace, Ortaköy, Istanbul, and was buried in Istanbul on 30 August 1904. His brother, Abdul Hamid II, ascended the throne on 31 August 1876.

While his wife Mevhibe and her son Selahaddin Efendi reported that Murad V was willing to be buried in Yahya Efendi Mausoleum, he did not approve of it. Abdulhamid removed his brother's funeral without announcement and ceremony. The prayer of the former sultan who was washed and shrouded in Topkapı Palace was performed in the Hidayet Mosque in Bahçekapı; After the funeral procession was held, he was buried next to his mother Şevkefza in the New Mosque, Istanbul.[16]

Issue[edit]

Name Birth Death Notes References
By Mevhibe Kadın
None
By Reftarıdil Kadın
Şehzade Mehmed Selaheddin 5 August 1861 29 April 1915  • Married seven times, and had issue, seven sons and seven daughters. [17][18]
By Şayan Kadın
Hatice Sultan 5 May 1870 13 March 1938  • Married two times, and had issue, two sons and two daughters. [19][20]
By Meyliservet Kadın
Fehime Sultan  2 August 1875 15 September 1929  • Married two times without issue. [21][22]
By Nevdürr Hanım
None
By Gevherriz Hanım
None
By Remzşinas Hanım
None
By Resan Hanım
Fatma Sultan 19 June 1879 23 November 1930  • Married one time, and had issue, three sons and one daughter. [23][24][25]
Aliye Sultan 24 August 1880 19 September 1903  • Unmarried, and without issue. [26][27]
By Filizten Hanım
None

Picture gallery[edit]

  • Photographic portrait of the Sultan.

  • Poster produced after his death.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Britannica, "Istanbul": "Until the Turkish Post Office officially changed the name in 1930, however, the city continued to bear the millenary name of Constantinople."
  2. ^ Açba, Harun (2007). "Bölüm 2: Sultan I. Abdülhamid Han Ailesi". Kadınefendiler: Son Dönem Osmanlı Padişah Eşleri (in Turkish) (1 ed.). Istanbul: Prolil Yayıncılık. p. 28.
  3. ^ Turkish Historical Society XXXI. Türk Tarih Kurumu Osmanlı Tarihi Interaktif CD-ROM
  4. ^ http://www.osmanli700.gen.tr/kesitler/anneleri.html
  5. ^ İbrahim Pazan (2007). Padişah anneleri. Babıali Kültür Yayıncılığı. ISBN 978-9944-118-31-6.
  6. ^ Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2015). Bu Mülkün Sultanları. Alfa Yayıncılık. p. 440. ISBN 978-6-051-71080-8.
  7. ^ Sakaoğlu 2015, p. 442.
  8. ^ "MURAD V مراد (1840-1904) Osmanlı padişahı (1876)". İslam Ansiklopedisi. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  9. ^ Howard, Douglas Arthur (2001). The History of Turkey. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 66. ISBN 0313307083. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
  10. ^ Smith, Jean Reeder; Smith, Lacey Baldwin (1980). Essentials of World History. Barron's Educational Series. ISBN 0812006372. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
  11. ^ Yapp, Malcolm (9 January 2014). The Making of the Modern Near East 1792-1923. Routledge. p. 118. ISBN 978-1317871071. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
  12. ^ a b Palmer, Alan. The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire, 1992. Page 141–143.
  13. ^ http://162.243.49.51/web/03_turkiye.html#5 Archived 13 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  14. ^ http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/sociopolitica/templars/knights_templars04.htm
  15. ^ Brookes, Douglas Scott. The concubine, the princess, and the teacher: Voices from the Ottoman Harem. University of Texas Press, 2010. p13-14
  16. ^ Sakaoğlu 2015, p. 450.
  17. ^ Uluçay 2011, p. 238.
  18. ^ Brookes 2010, p. 289.
  19. ^ Uluçay 2011, p. 240-42.
  20. ^ Brookes 2010, p. 282.
  21. ^ Uluçay 2011, p. 242-43.
  22. ^ Brookes 2010, p. 281.
  23. ^ Uluçay 2011, p. 281.
  24. ^ Brookes 2010, p. 291.
  25. ^ Yolcu, Cengiz (2018). Sofya'da Medfun Bir Osmanlı Sultanı: V. Murad'ın Kızı Fatma Sultan. p. 40.
  26. ^ Uluçay 2011, p. 243.
  27. ^ Brookes 2010, p. 278.

Sources[edit]

  • Uluçay, M. Çağatay (2011). Padişahların kadınları ve kızları. Ötüken. ISBN 978-9-754-37840-5.
  • Brookes, Douglas Scott (2010). The Concubine, the Princess, and the Teacher: Voices from the Ottoman Harem. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-78335-5.

External links[edit]

Murad V
Born: 21 September 1840 Died: 29 August 1904
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Abdulaziz 		Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
30 May 1876 – 31 Aug 1876 		Succeeded by
Abdul Hamid II
Sunni Islam titles
Preceded by
Abdulaziz 		Caliph of the Ottoman Caliphate
30 May 1876 – 31 Aug 1876 		Succeeded by
Abdul Hamid II
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